“Portland’s attitude toward illicit drugs is part of a larger ethos of radical autonomy—the idea that a person should be allowed to define his or her own reality free from outside influences like the law, moral systems, or community standards. Radical autonomy or ‘left libertarianism’ in political science parlance, extends to areas like physician-assisted suicide, sexual identity, and other radical chic.” – Timothy Desper (Accidental opioid deaths in Oregon: 2019:280; 2020:472; 2021:738; 2022:956; 2023:1049).